The western Pacific has many major marginal seas, including but not limited to the South China Sea, the East China Sea, the Sea of Japan, the Sea of Okhotsk, the Philippine Sea, the Coral Sea, Java Sea and the Tasman Sea. The third deepest point on Earth, the Sirena Deep, is also located in the Mariana Trench. The Pacific also contains the deepest point in the Southern Hemisphere, the Horizon Deep in the Tonga Trench, at 10,823 meters (35,509 feet). Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench, located in the western north Pacific, is the deepest known point in the world, reaching a depth of 10,928 meters (35,853 feet). Its mean depth is 4,000 meters (13,000 feet). The Galápagos and Gilbert Islands, while straddling the equator, are deemed wholly within the South Pacific. Ocean circulation (caused by the Coriolis effect) subdivides it into two largely independent volumes of water, which meet at the equator: the North( ern) Pacific Ocean and South( ern) Pacific Ocean.
The centers of both the Water Hemisphere and the Western Hemisphere, as well as the oceanic pole of inaccessibility are in the Pacific Ocean. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean (or, depending on definition, to Antarctica) in the south, and is bounded by the continents of Asia and Australia in the west and the Americas in the east.Īt 165,250,000 square kilometers (63,800,000 square miles) in area (as defined with a southern Antarctic border), this largest division of the World Ocean-and, in turn, the hydrosphere-covers about 46% of Earth's water surface and about 32% of its total surface area, larger than Earth's entire land area combined 148,000,000 km 2 (57,000,000 sq mi). The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five oceanic divisions.
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